Scale: The Universal Laws of Life and Death in Organisms, Cities and Companies

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The COMFORT Scale provides a pain rating between nine and 45 based on nine different parameters. Each is rated from 1 to 5: Then, why? While smallness fosters in us feelings of tenderness and kindness, at the same time it stimulates our desire for control and domination. A base unit of length, defined as the length of the path travelled by light through absolute vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second. The proper distance—the distance as would be measured at a specific time, including the present—between Earth and the edge of the observable universe is 46 billion light-years [52] (14 billion parsecs), making the diameter of the observable universe about 93 billion light-years (28 billion parsecs). [52] The distance the light from the edge of the observable universe has travelled is very close to the age of the universe times the speed of light, 13.8billion light-years (4.2 × 10

Quantitative scales answer the question, "How bad is your pain?" They're helpful for gauging your response to treatment over time. The universe is often defined as "the totality of existence", or everything that exists, everything that has existed, and everything that will exist. [24] In fact, some philosophers and scientists support the inclusion of ideas and abstract concepts—such as mathematics and logic—in the definition of the universe. [26] [27] [28] The word universe may also refer to concepts such as the cosmos, the world, and nature. [29] [30] EtymologyAlthough various scholars have been speculating and studying the universe for ages and defining it though measurement, Some of the earliest cosmological models of the universe were developed by ancient Greek and Indian philosophers and were geocentric, placing Earth at the center. [12] [13] Over the centuries, more precise astronomical observations led Nicolaus Copernicus to develop the heliocentric model with the Sun at the center of the Solar System. In developing the law of universal gravitation, Isaac Newton built upon Copernicus's work as well as Johannes Kepler's laws of planetary motion and observations by Tycho Brahe. From studying the movement of galaxies, it has been discovered that the universe contains much more matter than is accounted for by visible objects; stars, galaxies, nebulas and interstellar gas. This unseen matter is known as dark matter [16] ( dark means that there is a wide range of strong indirect evidence that it exists, but we have not yet detected it directly). The ΛCDM model is the most widely accepted model of the universe. It suggests that about 69.2% ±1.2% of the mass and energy in the universe is dark energy which is responsible for the acceleration of the expansion of the universe, and about 25.8% ±1.1% is dark matter. [17] Ordinary (' baryonic') matter is therefore only 4.84% ±0.1% of the physical universe. [17] Stars, planets, and visible gas clouds only form about 6% of the ordinary matter. [18] Le may S, Ballard A, Khadra C, et al. Comparison of the psychometric properties of 3 pain scales used in the pediatric emergency department: visual analogue scale, faces pain scale-revised, and colour analogue scale. Pain. 2018;159(8):1508-1517. doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001236.

Boonstra AM, Stewart RE, Köke AJ, et al. Cut-off points for mild, moderate, and severe pain on the numeric rating scale for pain in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: variability and influence of sex and catastrophizing. Front Psychol. 2016;7:1466. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01466 We are generally intolerant of those ‘small things’ that are within the range visible to the naked eye.You know, the F grade oughta fit in between 5 and 6. At least on the American scale, any score below 60% is considered an F. A 'D' would be between 6 and 7, 'C' between 7 and 8, 'B' between 8 and 9, and an 'A' between 9 and 10. 172.69.50.78 00:38, 21 July 2020 (UTC) Further observational improvements led to the realization that the Sun is one of a few hundred billion stars in the Milky Way, which is one of a few hundred billion galaxies in the observable universe. Many of the stars in a galaxy have planets. At the largest scale, galaxies are distributed uniformly and the same in all directions, meaning that the universe has neither an edge nor a center. At smaller scales, galaxies are distributed in clusters and superclusters which form immense filaments and voids in space, creating a vast foam-like structure. [14] Discoveries in the early 20th century have suggested that the universe had a beginning and has been expanding since then. [15] The word universe derives from the Old French word univers, which in turn derives from the Latin word universus, meaning 'combined into one'. [31] The Latin word 'universum' was used by Cicero and later Latin authors in many of the same senses as the modern English word is used. [32] Synonyms

Physical movement: 0 for no movement (a sign of lesspain), 1 or 2 for some movement, and higher scores for vigorous movements (e.g., thrashing in pain) The number 9 is omitted, possibly because seven ate nine (789) or because nine is the neglected number. Competitive scores, such as for artistic gymnastics' Code of Points, (ordinarily from 0.0 to a perfect 10.0) Several types of pain scales are in use for acute, chronic, and neuropathic pain. Whether your pain comes on suddenly ( acute), persists for several months ( chronic), or is caused by nerve damage ( neuropathic), the 11 common scales explored in this article can be tools that help you move through it. Qualitative pain scales answer the question, "What does it feel like?" They can give your healthcare provider ideas about the cause of your pain, whether it's associated with any medical problems you have, or whether it's caused by the treatment itself. While the number of elements existing on earth is over one hundred, the majority of substances in the world are comprised of only a trifling few of these.

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We can now make minimal substances even smaller, or collect and transform them into a different material of any desired size or shape.

I thought "tall" being just below 2 suggested that people who are close to 2m in height are considered tall people. the cosmos itself is continually growing and waning. Even tomorrow, we may find contrasting results or new discoveries. In the earliest stages of the universe, tiny fluctuations within the universe's density led to concentrations of dark matter gradually forming. Ordinary matter, attracted to these by gravity, formed large gas clouds and eventually, stars and galaxies, where the dark matter was most dense, and voids where it was least dense. After around 100–300 million years, [44] :333 the first stars formed, known as Population III stars. These were probably very massive, luminous, non metallic and short-lived. They were responsible for the gradual reionization of the universe between about 200–500 million years and 1 billion years, and also for seeding the universe with elements heavier than helium, through stellar nucleosynthesis. [45] A unit of distance used in astronomy. The distance that light travels through free space in one year (approximately 9.46 trillion km) That's how in some school courses they "grade on a curve" where if no one can get a perfect score on a test, they change the score so the highest existing score is changed to 100, and all the other people who took the test also have the same amount added to their score (or at least that's the way I'm most familiar with, it might be possible to do so with a somewhat different method). Thus they can have an unreasonably difficult test without causing abnormally low scores that will cause tons of students to get failing grades.-- 162.158.75.134 17:25, 7 July 2020 (UTC) The "curve" technically refers to a bell curve; that is adjusting the letter grades by organizing the students into bins based on that distribution (the ~68% of students nearest the average grade get a C, then the 14% just above that get a B and the top 2% get an A, and the same pattern going down for D and F). However most instructors who say they "grade on a curve" don't do that since grades rarely fit that curve, and this often unfairly punishes students who performed well but weren't the top score. EG if the scores are all between 90% and 100% correct then the student(s) who got 90% correct will receive an F. Most of my experience with "grading on a curve" has been that the instructor sets the highest score achieved to represent 100%, but I have also had professors who adjust the grading bands so most students get a B or better. The latter method avoids forcing a failing mark on students who just happened to get the lowest score, but unlike adjusting the 100% level down it provides no benefit to someone who did significantly worse than their peers. 162.158.78.10 13:12, 8 July 2020 (UTC)Categorical scales: Primarily uses words, possibly along with numbers, colors, or location(s) on the body The physical universe is defined as all of space and time [a] (collectively referred to as spacetime) and their contents. [10] Such contents comprise all of energy in its various forms, including electromagnetic radiation and matter, and therefore planets, moons, stars, galaxies, and the contents of intergalactic space. [21] [22] [23] The universe also includes the physical laws that influence energy and matter, such as conservation laws, classical mechanics, and relativity. [24] distance between fingers or other close-at-hand objects, or those established individually within regional communities,