Learning Theories: An Educational Perspective

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Students who enroll in the Master of Arts in Education at National University may complete coursework such as Current Issues in Early Childhood Education, Best ECE Teaching Practices, Introduction to Higher Education Administration, and more, with complete course listings available on our program page. How many learning theories exist, in what key ways do they differ from each other, and what goals or objectives do they share in common? Self-regulation, the process of focusing thoughts, feeling, and actions on attainment of goals, is intimately linked to motivation and learning in educational settings. Different memory models are developed, such as the dual memory model, processing level theories, and activation level theories. The experience gained whilst teaching is still important because “theory without experience can be misguided because it may underestimate the effects of situational factors” (Schunk, 2020).

This approach emphasizes both learning about something and experiencing it so that students can apply knowledge in real-world situations. The field of instructional design from 1945 onwards made use of behaviourist thinking with its focus on the systematic design of instruction based on concrete and discrete learning steps.Many of them have been pioneered by educational theorists who’ve studied the science of learning to determine what works best and for whom. The passive view of teaching views the learner as ‘an empty vessel’ to be filled with knowledge," explains Simply Psychology, "whereas constructivism states that learners construct meaning only through active engagement with the world (such as experiments or real-world problem solving). An example of positive reinforcement might be rewarding or praising a behavior like volunteering during group discussions. After covering the American Psychological Association’s learner-centered principles, a variety of constructivist learning environments are presented, such as discovery, inquiry, peer-assisted, and cooperative learning. However, arguably it isn’t a fully formed learning theory, and it has very little to say about how people learn using technology.

Provide positive reinforcement, like rewards and recognition, to students who show outstanding improvement, effort, or performance. He also adds that learning “involves acquiring and modifying knowledge, skills, strategies, beliefs, attitudes and behaviours” and that “people learn cognitive, behavioural, linguistic, motor, and social skills”.Harnessing the power of this theory involves getting students’ attention, focusing on how students can retain information, identifying when it’s appropriate to reproduce a previous behavior, and determining students’ motivation. Uumlber den AutorrnrnAbout our authorDale Schunk is a professor in the Department of Teacher Education and Higher Education, School of Education, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro.

Bates (2014) states that “every teacher starts from some epistemological or theoretical position, even if it is not explicit, or even if the teacher is not fully aware of their beliefs”. Cognitive Constructivism is associated with Jean Piaget, while Social Constructivism is linked to pioneer Lev Vygotsky.The profile of critical thinking and learning outcomes of teacher candidates viewed from gender differences.

The majority of pages are undamaged with some creasing or tearing, and pencil underlining of text, but this is minimal. As fields like psychology have continued to develop, various learning theories have been proposed over time, from the principles of Cognitivism developed during the 1950s to the Experiential Learning Theory (ELT) proposed by David Kolb in 1984. Vignettes featured at the introduction of every chapter set the stage for readers for the concepts about to be discussed in the chapters and how the content applies in real situations involving teaching and learning. There are five learning “architectures” which discovery learning comprises: Case-based learning; Incidental learning; Learning by exploring; Learning by reflection; and Simulation-based learning.

The BAECE program at NU culminates in an academic seminar or field experience component, where the student will actively practice the material covered in core classes like Children with Special Needs and Play as Pedagogy. Cognitive scientists developed educational technologies such as intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) and AI “in an attempt to mimic or replicate the human mind through computer programs” (Harasim, 2017). However, what all of them share in common is that they seek to understand and explain the learning process so that educators can act accordingly, taking approaches to teaching that are appropriate, effective, and efficient. Educational theories have come a long way since the days of Socrates and even the pioneers of behaviorism and cognitivism. El segundo capítulo está dedicado a la neurociencia del aprendizaje: tema de gran auge en la educación actualmente.