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Lee, Andy W.C.; Liu, Yihai (June 2003). "Selected physical properties of commercial bamboo flooring". Forest Products Journal. Madison. 53 (6): 23–26 . Retrieved 10 May 2017. a b Masisi, Bhoke; Zabel, Astrid; Blaser, Jürgen; Augustino, Suzana (1 December 2022). "Fighting climate change with bamboo in Africa: The case of Kyela, Rungwe and Mufindi districts – Tanzania". Advances in Bamboo Science. 1: 100009. doi: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2022.100009. ISSN 2773-1391. S2CID 253535691. Marinas, Amante P. Sr. (17 April 2012). Blowgun Techniques: The Definitive Guide to Modern and Traditional Blowgun Techniques. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 9781462905546. Vietnam [ edit ] Cây nêu - A Vietnamese New Year tree made from bamboo Attributions of character [ edit ]
This is a very brief introduction – a potted selection if you like, but rather than write a book the is an accelerated guide, by all means ask us if you need help. McClure, F. A. (1 October 2013), "The Bamboos: A Fresh Perspective", The Bamboos, Harvard University Press, doi: 10.4159/harvard.9780674428713, ISBN 978-0-674-42871-3 , retrieved 29 August 2023 There are others such as Pseudosasa and Semiarundinaria which make great specimens; both of these require a deep root barrier but for me look stunning growing in large containers for an instant taste of the orient. De B, Karak N (2013) Novel high performance tough hyperbranched epoxy by an A 2 + B 3 polycondensation reaction. J Mater Chem A 1:348–353The sap of young stalks tapped during the rainy season may be fermented to make ulanzi (a sweet wine) [72] or simply made into a soft drink. [73] Bamboo leaves are also used as wrappers for steamed dumplings which usually contains glutinous rice and other ingredients, such as the zongzi from China. Chan, Alan Kam-leung and Gregory K. Clancey, Hui-Chieh Loy (2002). Historical Perspectives on East Asian Science, Technology and Medicine. Singapore: Singapore University Press. ISBN 9971-69-259-7. p. 15. In terms of cost, products currently on the market cost more than expected based on the price of the raw material at 16 €/m 2, because of the large initial investments paid by the developing companies [ 23]. The fundamental benefit of natural fibers is the long-term sustainable supply and easily degraded, so it is safer for the environment than synthetic fibers [ 22]. Unlike other natural fibers, bamboo is good for environment, with fast growth and a high rate of carbon dioxide fixation, making it the most significant plant fiber. Bamboo has many benefits, like biodegradability, lightweight, high strength, and stiffness [ 23]. These properties cause bamboo to be used traditionally to manufacture utensils. Bamboo can also be employed as a reinforcement if fibers are extracted in a controlled manner [ 24].
In Malaysia, a similar story includes a man who dreams of a beautiful woman while sleeping under a bamboo plant; he wakes up and breaks the bamboo stem, discovering the woman inside.Bamboo has traditionally been used to make a wide range of everyday utensils and cutting boards, particularly in Japan, [103] where archaeological excavations have uncovered bamboo baskets dating to the Late Jōmon period (2000–1000 BC). [104] Bamboo also has a long history of use in Asian furniture. Chinese bamboo furniture is a distinct style based on a millennia-long tradition, and bamboo is also used for floors due to its high hardness. [105] In culture [ edit ] Bamboo pulps are mainly produced in China, Myanmar, Thailand, and India, and are used in printing and writing papers. [82] Several paper industries are surviving on bamboo forests. Ballarpur (Chandrapur, Maharstra) paper mills use bamboo for paper production. The most common bamboo species used for paper are Dendrocalamus asper and Bambusa blumeana. It is also possible to make dissolving pulp from bamboo. The average fiber length is similar to hardwoods, but the properties of bamboo pulp are closer to softwood pulps due to it having a very broad fiber length distribution. [82] With the help of molecular tools, it is now possible to distinguish the superior fiber-yielding species/varieties even at juvenile stages of their growth, which can help in unadulterated merchandise production. [83] Da Costa, L.L.; Loiola, R.L.; Monteiro, S.N. Diameter dependence of tensile strength by Weibull analysis: Part I bamboo fiber. Matéria 2010, 15, 110–116. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Competition Bureau Takes Action to Ensure Accuracy for Textile Articles Labelled and Advertised as Bamboo\" ". Competition Bureau Canada. 27 January 2010 . Retrieved 1 July 2018.
Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, [13] due to a unique rhizome-dependent system. Certain species of bamboo can grow 91 centimetres (36 inches) within a 24-hour period, at a rate of almost 1 + 1⁄ 2in) an hour (equivalent to 1mm every 90 seconds). [14] Growth up to 47.6 inches (156 centimeters) in 24 hours has been observed in the instance of Japanese giant timber bamboo ( Phyllostachys bambusoides). [15] This rapid growth and tolerance for marginal land, make bamboo a good candidate for afforestation, carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. [16] [17] [18] William Henry Scott (1994). Barangay. Sixteenth-Century Philippine Culture and Society. Ateneo de Manila University Press. p. 63. ISBN 9715501389.Laws, B. 2010. Bamboo. Fifty Plants that Changed the Course of History. New York:Firefly Books (U.S) Inc. Bakelite or, get ready for it; polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, was the first mass produced synthetic plastic, made by mixing phenol and formaldehyde under heat and pressure (to create a resin) and adding a filler such as wood flour or asbestos. This material was quite revolutionary at the time. Bakelite’s low heat conductivity and strength, resulted in it being used for kitchenware products, as well as many other applications. The next big group is Phyllostachys. These, with the exception of Phyllostachys aurea, which often behaves like a Fargesia, are all capable of producing runners and will happily move next door if the mood takes them. So with Phyllostachys we always recommend using root barrier. Phyllostachys can and do make wonderful large specimens, produce large canes (culms) in varying colours and make amazing screens of focal points.
Soderstrom, Thomas R.; Calderon, Cleofe E. (1979). "A Commentary on the Bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)". Biotropica. 11 (3): 161–172. doi: 10.2307/2388036. JSTOR 2388036. Liu F, Wang Z, Liu D, Li J (2009) Curing of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A epoxy resin using a poly (aryl ether ketone) bearing pendant carboxyl groups as macromolecular curing agent. Polym Int 58:912–918
Zhandarov, S.; Pisanova, E.; Mäder, E.; Nairn, J.A. Investigation of load transfer between the fiber and the matrix in pull-out tests with fibers having different diameters. J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 2001, 15, 205–222. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] a b c d Kelchner S; Bamboo Phylogeny Working Group (2013). "Higher level phylogenetic relationships within the bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) based on five plastid markers" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 67 (2): 404–413. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.02.005. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 23454093. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2015. Natural fibers are categorized based on their source in the plant, like leaves, bast, fruit, seeds, and wood [ 4]. Bamboo is the fast-growing and most prominent member of the grass family. Bamboo fibers (BF) are environmentally friendly, with fast-growing and reformed carbon dioxide from the environment, making them one of the most impressive plant fibers [ 5]. Bamboo’s benefits pave the way for its lightweight, high strength and modulus, good stiffness, and biodegradability [ 6].
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