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a b Ruhé, Harry [ nl]. 1979. Fluxus, the Most Radical and Experimental Art Movement of the Sixties Amsterdam: Editions Galerie A. Harren, Natilee. Fluxus Forms: Scores, Multiples, and the Eternal Network. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2020. Cotter, Holland (24 May 1996). "Art in Review: The man who organized Fluxus". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 27 June 2017 . Retrieved 17 May 2022.

Brazing (sometimes known as silver soldering or hard soldering) requires a much higher temperature than soft soldering (> 450 °C). As well as removing existing oxides, rapid oxidation of the metal at the elevated temperatures has to be avoided. This means that fluxes need to be more aggressive and to provide a physical barrier. [8] Traditionally borax was used as a flux for brazing, but there are now many different fluxes available, often using active chemicals such as fluorides [9] as well as wetting agents. Many of these chemicals are toxic and due care should be taken during their use. Held, John Jr. Where the Secret is Hidden: Collected Essays Breda: TAM-Publications Netherlands, 2011.Rosin used as flux for soldering A flux pen used for electronics rework Multicore solder containing flux Wire freshly coated with solder, held above molten rosin flux

In the 1950s New York music scene there could be discerned many issues related to the post-war disenchantment experienced by many throughout the developed world. Such disillusionment in itself presented a case for commitment to Buddhism and Zen in everyday matters such as mental attitude, meditation, and approach to food and body care. It was also felt, however, that there was a general need for a more radical artistic sensibility. The themes of decay and of the inadequacy of the idea of modernity in artistic fields were adopted, partly from Duchamp and Dada and partly from consciousness of the uneasiness of living in contemporary society. Maciunas and his friend Henry Flynt tried to get the Fluxus people to march around outside the circus with white cards that said Originale was bad. And they tried to say that the Fluxus people who were in the circus weren't Fluxus any more. That was silly, because it made a split. I thought it was funny, and so first I walked around with Maciunas and with Henry with a card, then I went inside and joined the circus; so both groups got angry with me. Oh well. Some people say that Fluxus died that day—I once thought so myself—but it turned out I was wrong. [63] In 2018 the Los Angeles Philharmonic in its Fluxus Festival presented a fluxus performance incorporating John Cage's "Europeras 1 and 2" directed by Yuval Sharon. [112] Fluxus artists continue to perform today on a smaller scale. Removal of the oxides from the solder preform is also troublesome. Fortunately some alloys are able to dissolve the surface oxides in their bulk when superheated by several degrees above their melting point; the Sn-Cu 1 and Sn-Ag 4 require superheating by 18–19°C, the Sn-Sb 5 requires as little as 10°C, but the Sn-Pb 37 alloy requires 77°C above its melting point to dissolve its surface oxide. [ citation needed] The self-dissolved oxide degrades the solder's properties and increases its viscosity in molten state, however, so this approach is not optimal. Marriage of George and Billy Maciunas". YouTube. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016 . Retrieved 9 September 2014.

Fluxus is similar in spirit to the earlier art movement of Dada, emphasizing the concept of anti-art and taking jabs at the seriousness of modern art. [127] Fluxus artists used their minimal performances to highlight their perceived connections between everyday objects and art, similarly to Duchamp in pieces such as Fountain. [127] Fluxus art was often presented in "events", which Fluxus member George Brecht defined as "the smallest unit of a situation." [127] [128] The events consisted of a minimal instruction, opening the events to accidents and other unintended effects. [129] Also contributing to the randomness of events was the integration of audience members into the performances, realizing Duchamp's notion of the viewer completing the art work. [129] One of the early fluxes was a mixture of equal amounts of rosin and vaseline. A more aggressive early composition was a mixture of saturated solution of zinc chloride, alcohol, and glycerol. [18] I ( A , p ) = a r g m a x n Fluxus was founded by George Maciunas. The precise start date is debated but can be narrowed down to between 1960 and 1963. The initial members first sparked the idea in 1959 during a John Cage workshop. This initial interaction is sometimes referred to as “Proto-Fluxus.” In transport phenomena ( heat transfer, mass transfer and fluid dynamics), flux is defined as the rate of flow of a property per unit area, which has the dimensions [quantity]·[time] −1·[area] −1. [6] The area is of the surface the property is flowing "through" or "across". For example, the amount of water that flows through a cross section of a river each second divided by the area of that cross section, or the amount of sunlight energy that lands on a patch of ground each second divided by the area of the patch, are kinds of flux.

Zen is a Japanese Buddhist philosophy that focuses on meditation and the importance of the present moment. No single moment is to be more important than another in life. Zen had a powerful impact on John Cage who thought that art should be concerned with equivalency of values instead of elevating artistic experiences from everyday experiences - "in this way art becomes important as a means to make one aware of one's actual environment." This comes directly from Buddhist teachings on the importance of being aware of every moment and present in every moment in life.a b c d e f g "Michael Corris, MoMA, Grove Art Online, Oxford University Press, 2009". Archived from the original on 8 May 2015 . Retrieved 12 June 2012.

Tate, Nam June Paik, Fluxus, Performance, Participation". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 4 July 2012. In high-temperature metal joining processes ( welding, brazing and soldering), flux is a substance that is nearly inert at room temperature, but which becomes strongly reducing at elevated temperatures, preventing oxidation of the base and filler materials. The role of flux is typically dual: dissolving the oxides already present on the metal surface, which facilitates wetting by molten metal, and acting as an oxygen barrier by coating the hot surface, preventing its oxidation. Humpston, Giles; Jacobson, David M. (2004). Principles of soldering - Google Books. ISBN 9781615031702. Archived from the original on 2013-06-20 . Retrieved 2011-08-19.Fluxus started with the work, and then came together, applying the name Fluxus to work which already existed. It was as if it started in the middle of the situation, rather than at the beginning. [32] [33] The name Fluxus, meant to suggest both “flow” and “effluent,” was coined by Fluxus founder George Maciunas (1931–78), a Lithuanian American designer and “cultural entrepreneur.” Maciunas used the word fluxus to describe a wide range of his activities, from a published call for a common front of artists against culture to a New York artists’ housing association, as well as a publishing concern that produced ephemeral interactive multiples and staged live events called Happenings that were precursors to performance art, video art, and other progressive art forms. Performances at Yoko Ono's Chambers Street Loft". Archived from the original on 10 April 2016 . Retrieved 2 July 2012. Chamberlain, Colby. "Design in Flux" Art In America. 1 October 2014". Archived from the original on 8 July 2015 . Retrieved 7 July 2015.