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Battery Charging Specification 1.1 Added support for dedicated chargers, host chargers behavior for devices with dead batteries Welcome to the 80Gpbs Ultra-High Speed Era of USB4 | GraniteRiverLabs". www.graniteriverlabs.com . Retrieved 22 July 2023. USB PD continues the use of the bilateral 5% tolerance, with allowable voltages of PDO ±5% ±0.5V (eg. for a PDO of 9.0V, the maximum and minimum limits are 9.95V and 8.05V, respectively). [42]
Eight ways the iMac changed computing". Macworld. 15 August 2008. Archived from the original on 22 December 2011 . Retrieved 5 September 2017. Portable devices having a USB On-The-Go port may want to charge and access a USB peripheral simultaneously, yet having only a single port (both due to On-The-Go and space requirement) prevents this. Accessory charging adapters (ACA) are devices that provide portable charging power to an On-The-Go connection between host and peripheral. Battery Charging v1.1 Spec and Adopters Agreement". USB.org. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021 . Retrieved 31 July 2019. Barnatt, Christopher (25 September 2022). Explaining USB: From 1.0 to USB4 V2.0 (ExplainingComputers) (video). a b "Universal Serial Bus 2.0 Specification" (ZIP) (Revision 2.0ed.). USB Implementers Forum. 27 April 2000 . Retrieved 27 April 2023.eSATA, like USB, supports hot plugging, although this might be limited by OS drivers and device firmware. a connection-oriented, tunneling architecture designed to combine multiple protocols onto a single physical interface, so that the total speed and performance of the USB4 Fabric can be dynamically shared. [2] Connectors [ edit ] Comparison of legacy USB connector plugs, omitting the current standard Type-C plugs USB was designed to standardize the connection of peripherals to personal computers, both to exchange data with and to supply electric power. It has largely replaced interfaces such as serial ports and parallel ports and has become commonplace on a wide range of devices. Examples of peripherals that are connected via USB include computer keyboards and mice, video cameras, printers, portable media players, mobile (portable) digital telephones, disk drives, and network adapters. Heron, Robert. "USB2.0 Versus FireWire". TechTV. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007 . Retrieved 25 August 2007.
UAC 1.0 devices are still common, however, due to their cross-platform driverless compatibility, [70] and also partly due to Microsoft's failure to implement UAC 2.0 for over a decade after its publication, having finally added support to Windows 10 through the Creators Update on 20 March 2017. [73] [74] [72] UAC 2.0 is also supported by macOS, iOS, and Linux, [67] however Android only implements a subset of the UAC 1.0 specification. [75]Silvia (5 August 2015). "USB 3.1 Gen 1 & Gen 2 explained". www.msi.org. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018 . Retrieved 5 April 2018. The wide range of transfer speeds available from a USB interface suits devices ranging from keyboards and mice up to streaming video interfaces. Joel Johnson (29 May 2019). "The unlikely origins of USB, the port that changed everything". Fast Company.
The initial versions of the USB standard specified connectors that were easy to use and that would have acceptable life spans; revisions of the standard added smaller connectors useful for compact portable devices. Higher-speed development of the USB standard gave rise to another family of connectors to permit additional data paths. All versions of USB specify cable properties; version 3. x cables include additional data paths. The USB standard included power supply to peripheral devices; modern versions of the standard extend the power delivery limits for battery charging and devices requiring up to 240 watts. USB has been selected as the standard charging format for many mobile phones, reducing the proliferation of proprietary chargers. Device Firmware Upgrade (DFU) is a vendor- and device-independent mechanism for upgrading the firmware of USB devices with improved versions provided by their manufacturers, offering (for example) a way to deploy firmware bug fixes. During the firmware upgrade operation, USB devices change their operating mode effectively becoming a PROM programmer. Any class of USB device can implement this capability by following the official DFU specifications. [58] [62] [63] A mix of USB specifications and their marketing names are being displayed because specifications are sometimes wrongly used as marketing names.) [ disputed(for: USB4 20Gbps does not exist; USB4 2×2 is not interchangeable with USB 3.2 2×2 as indicated by the logo; logos for USB 3.x and USB4 are different.) – discuss]USB ports and connectors are often color-coded to distinguish their different functions and USB versions. These colors are not part of the USB specification and can vary between manufacturers; for example, the USB3.0 specification mandates appropriate color-coding while it only recommends blue inserts for Standard-A USB3.0 connectors and plugs. [8] Connector types [ edit ] Small devices can be powered directly from the USB interface, eliminating the need for additional power supply cables. In versions of Microsoft Windows before Windows XP, Windows would automatically run a script (if present) on certain devices via autorun, one of which are USB mass storage devices, which may contain malicious software. [122] See also [ edit ] See also: USB mass storage device class, Disk enclosure, and External hard disk drive A flash drive, a typical USB mass-storage device An M.2 (2242) solid-state-drive ( SSD) connected into USB 3.0 adapter and connected to computer
High-power devices in USB 2.0 are those draw more than one unit load (up to a maximum of 5 unit loads). 1 unit load is 100mA. The operation modes USB3.2Gen2×2 and USB4Gen2×2 – or: USB3.2Gen2×1 and USB4Gen2×1 – are not interchangeable or compatible; all participating controllers must operate with the same mode. The different A and B plugs prevent accidentally connecting two power sources. However, some of this directed topology is lost with the advent of multi-purpose USB connections (such as USB On-The-Go in smartphones, and USB-powered Wi-Fi routers), which require A-to-A, B-to-B, and sometimes Y/splitter cables. See the USB On-The-Go connectors section below for a more detailed summary description. Definition of: how to install a PC peripheral". PC. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on 22 March 2018 . Retrieved 17 February 2018. The OTG device with the A-plug inserted is called the A-device and is responsible for powering the USB interface when required, and by default assumes the role of host. The OTG device with the B-plug inserted is called the B-device and by default assumes the role of peripheral. An OTG device with no plug inserted defaults to acting as a B-device. If an application on the B-device requires the role of host, then the Host Negotiation Protocol (HNP) is used to temporarily transfer the host role to the B-device.USB 3.0 Promoter Group Announces USB 3.2 Update" (PDF) (Press release). Beaverton, Oregon, US. 25 July 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 September 2017 . Retrieved 27 July 2017– via www.usb.org. Micro-USB was embraced as the "Universal Charging Solution" by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in October 2009. [18]
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