Learning Resources EI-8435 BrainBolt Brain Teaser, Puzzle Ages 7 to 107, Highly Competitive & FACTopia!: Follow the Trail of 400 Facts [Britannica]

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You will also be called by a Hydrocephalus Nurse Specialist who can answer any specific questions you may have regarding your procedure or your recovery. ICP Results and what do they mean?

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On examination, there may be ocular palsies, papilloedema, or pupil irregularities, including unilateral dilation or pupillary light defects Before you come into hospital for your procedure you will be seen in the outpatient department for a pre-operative assessment. During your pre-operative assessment, the nurse will take all your medical history, history of your symptoms, list of medications and discuss the proposed procedure. The nurse will assess whether you are fit for surgery, and you will have routine bloods, MRSA swabs and any other investigations which may be required. You will require a surgical procedure for the ICP bolt to be inserted. The procedure is usually completed under a local anaesthetic in the operating theatre; however, this can also be completed under a general anaesthetic in some circumstances. Measures the pressure inside the child's skull. If there is a severe brain injury, head surgery, brain infection, or other problems, the brain may swell. Since the brain is covered by the skull, there is only a small amount of room for it to swell. This means that, as the brain swells, the pressure inside the skull goes up. If the pressure gets significantly higher than normal, it can cause damage to the brain. Persons who have hydrocephalus or brain tumors may also have their intracranial pressure monitored. The skull is a rigid compartment, and the Monro-Kellie doctrine describes a pressure-volume relationship, a dynamic equilibrium among components within the rigid skull compartment:You are able to return to driving when you feel able and can complete an emergency stop safely. On discharge are there any signs and symptoms I need to report? ICP is the pressure within the brain and surrounding tissues and is measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg). An epidural sensor is inserted between the skull and dural tissue. The epidural sensor is placed through a hole drilled in the skull. This procedure is less invasive than other methods, but it cannot remove excess CSF. This method is used if monitoring needs to be done right away. A hollow screw is inserted through a hole drilled in the skull. It is placed through the membrane that protects the brain and spinal cord (dura mater). This allows the sensor to record from inside the subdural space. As with any surgical procedure you will be consented by your Neurosurgeon. They will explain the procedure, associated risks, and benefits of ICP monitoring. This also allows you time to ask them any questions to discuss any concerns or queries you may have. Preparation before your admission date

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The External Ventricular Drain (EVD), also termed fluid-filled transduced ventriculostomy, is the gold standard intervention for raised ICP* There are different reasons why you may require this procedure. This is a diagnostic test and can help guide your consultant to consider if you require any further tests or treatment. ICP monitoring involves measuring this pressure within your head using a sensor that is connected to a monitor. An ICP bolt is the sensor which is inserted through the skull and attached to the ICP monitor via a wire. Early onset symptoms include morning headache (worse upon coughing, exertion or moving head), vomiting (with no associated nausea), and lethargy or altered mental status.Your Neurosurgeon or Nurse Specialist can explain this further, explaining the reasons why this is required for your specific condition. How long does monitoring take? Brain games and brain teaser puzzles and sets are much more than just a simple pastime; they are educational logic puzzles and concentration games that helps keep your brain active and challenged. With BrainBolt, take your brain memory game skills playing to the next level beyond your basic card games, for a real challenge with advanced and two player modes! The main complications following ICP monitor insertion are infection (meningitis, ventriculitis, wound infection), intracranial haemorrhage, device malfunction or difficulty with placement, and ventricular collapse (potentially leading to tentorial herniation). There two basic ICP monitor types are via ICP data only (commonly known as ‘bolts’) or ICP data plus CSF drainage. The three main types of ICP monitor are the External Ventricular Drain (EVD), the Subarachnoid Bolt, and the Epidural bolt (Fig. 2). There are three ways to monitor ICP. ICP is the pressure in the skull. These procedures are most often done on people with life-threatening neurological emergencies.

Intracranial Pressure Monitoring - Indications - Types Intracranial Pressure Monitoring - Indications - Types

Your neurosurgeon will drill a small hole into your skull, usually to the right side. The ICP bolt is inserted through the drilled hole and a wire is passed a few millimetres under the brain tissue surface. CSF is produced by ependymal cells within the choroid plexus and circulates within the ventricular system, being reabsorbed via arachnoid granulations. There is normally an equilibrium between CSF production and absorption, however when this relationship is disrupted, a raised ICP can occur Current indications for ICP monitoring include traumatic brain injury (TBI), hydrocephalus or conditions at high risk of developing hydrocephalus (e.g. space-occupying lesions or subarachnoid haemorrhage), idiopathic intracranial hypertension, or Reye’s syndrome The normal range for intracranial pressure (ICP) is 5 – 15mmHg. The average intracranial volume is 1700ml (composed of the brain 1400ml + CSF 150ml + blood 150ml), with Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) production around 500 – 600ml per day. The ICP monitoring device (ICP bolt) is inserted in a short procedure while your child is under a general anaesthetic. Once your child has returned to the ward, the nurses will observe him or her closely. The ICP bolt may not be connected to the computer immediately, as it may take some time for the pressure inside the head to settle after the procedure. Once the ICP bolt is connected to the computer, regular readings will be taken to measure the pressure.It is advisable that you keep a diary or record of your symptoms during the procedure, documenting any periods where you have an increase in your symptoms noting down the time. This can help us compare this to your ICP reading trace. Will this procedure be painful? caption id="attachment_18368" align="aligncenter" width="556"] Figure 1 - The anatomy of the ventricular system[/caption] Cushing’s Triad is composed of irregular respiration, bradycardia, and systolic hypertension (with wide pulse pressure) The clinical features of raised ICP will progress from initial mild non-specific symptoms to late significant symptoms.

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Looked bright and interesting and we were keen to give it a try. I think the idea of this game is excellent always good to improve your memory skills. Instructions were really easy to follow, no trouble at all. My son found the game easy to play, but you can increase the level and this was really good for him. This certainly kept Charlie entertained and he was always trying to improve his score. Memory skills are so important in life so we all loved this game. I would say we all found it addictive. My son certainly did but so did my husband and I and we really enjoyed this game too. A game that can enhance scanning and memory skills while the child is having fun is a Win Win for us. We all played this and challenged each other so we all became very competitive. Charlie has played this at home a lot, but we also took on a few short breaks this summer. Was ideal to keep him entertained in the car and in the evening on holiday too. This is neat and compact so can take anywhere. This has been played a couple of times every week. I am not sure it would be easy for a 7 year old to use but ideal age for my son. My son enjoyed the challenge and it has really improved his memory too. I liked that it is a game, not a laptop or phone and we all enjoyed the challenge this set for us all. Quality is excellent. For the amount of times this has been used definitely great value for money. I am going to buy one for my nephew and niece as they enjoyed it so much when they came round to visit us. I have already recommended. I would also say this would be good for people with dementia, as my father suffers from this and he got to grips with this game and seemed to give him a new lease of life. Well he perked up a lot as his brain was active. I would get this into Dementia and Alzheimer’s centres as it would be great to get their brains working and active. WE all loved this game and played against each other regularly. Got us all together and we all became very competitive so we just loved it. Ashley Crouch – Charlie 9 Years To insert an intraventricular catheter, a hole is drilled through the skull. The catheter is inserted through the brain into the lateral ventricle. This area of the brain contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF is a liquid that protects the brain and spinal cord. Contra-indications to ICP monitoring include coagulopathies or anti-coagulation medication, scalp infections, or brain abscess. They are most commonly inserted into Kocher’s point, however alternative points for EVD insertion include Keen’s point, Frazier’s point, and Dandy’s point Late features include persistent vomiting, Cushing’s triad*, ophthalmoplegia, and eventual coma and death.The subarachnoid bolt is a small and unobtrusive device, allowing for a good waveform resolution of ICP. It is relatively easy to install and is less invasive than EVD. Its main benefits include additional uses for therapeutic aspiration of CSF, rarely will occlude, and inexpensive, albeit difficult to install. Its limitations include infection (ventriculitis) and potential for damage to the underlying brain parenchyma.